An electric current is applied with a very fine needle-shaped electrode, or metal probe into each hair follicle to destroy the root. There are three types of electrolysis: galvanic, thermolysis and blend.
- Galvanic electrolysis uses a chemical reaction to destroy the hair follicle. It is very effective but slow
- Shortwave diathermy (radio frequency) destroys the hair quickly by means of heat but is not as effective as galvanic electrolysis
- Blend - a combination of both methods
Electrolysis vs. Laser...
Electrolysis is the preferred method of permanent hair removal over laser (for dark-skinned individuals especially) for two major reasons. First, it's permanent. Hair grows in different stages: growing, resting and shedding. Because all of the hair isn't on the same stage at any given time, multiple sessions are needed to target the hair in the growth phase for electrolysis hair removal to be most effective.
Many people who have undergone laser hair removal can attest that the hair eventually grows back (it can take months or years). If laser is their method of choice, they simply go back and get more done when this happens. It happens because a hair follicle that's not killed while in its growing cycle will grow back. Electrolysis can be a tedious process, often requiring dozens of treatments as opposed to a handful. Over the span of many months each hair follicle is killed in various stages of growth until it's apparent that all have been permanently killed (during the growing stage) and will not grow back. Second, with electrolysis there is less tendancy to scar. Laser has the tendency to leave behind marks (hyperpigmentation, darkening, OR hypopigmentation, lightening) depending on the person who performs the procedure. A laser is meant to burn - the follicles and the skin they stem from. There's no getting around this. Some skin reacts better than other with minimal side effects/scarring. Since dark-skinned women are inherently prone to hyperpigmentation, an esthetician or dermatologist will usually recommend electrolysis over laser, especially when it comes to the facial area.
A few quick tips for those interested in electrolysis:
1. It requires a serious investment of time and money. A small area like the chin can take about 25 half-an-hour sessions or 13 full hour sessions over the course of a year to complete. At between $50-$80/hour, this will run you between $650-$1,000. It's important that you go on a weekly or biweekly basis in the very beginning. You always want to remove hairs as they come up. If you just let it grow, it will likely slow down the whole process. If you start removing the hair from the root on your own (tweezing or waxing) you can expect to be put back at square one as work done on the actual follicle will be lost.
2. You should always go for a consultation first. This will allow you to check out the estethian or dermatolgist, see if they're up to par (fully licensed, use disposible needles, have adequate experience with client testimonials, etc.). You can also ask any questions you may have and receive a patch test to see how your skin responds. Do your research beforehand to know what questions to ask.
3. Exfoliate, exfoliate, exfoliate. It's recommended you exfoliate the area every other day. This will keep the skin conditioned as well as prevent ingrown hairs. Your session will be easier and faster because the electrologist will have a clearer view of the follicles and won't be slowed down by tugging at ingrowns.
4. It's painful for some. Minimize discomfort. If you find it painful, popping a couple of Aspirins half an hour before your session may help.
5. Be patient. It may be a tedious process but it is the most permanent method known to date. Remember the reasons you chose to get it done in the first place. The progress will come. The end result will be well worth it!
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